I encountered this problem when migrated Windows 2000 servers from SMS 2003 to SCCM 2007.
CCMsetup finalised successfully and the client registered in the new SCCM site and downloaded policies but no HW inventory is sent back to the site server.
Check “InventoryAgent.log” on the client computer.
Unknown error encountered processing an instance of class CCM_System: 80041013 Collection: Failed to process mandatory data item for class: CCM_System. Cycle abandoned !! InventoryAgent Failed to process instances of CCM_System: 80004005
Resolution was to restart the Windows 2000 system and the SCCM agent started to work as expected again. This error did not occur on all Windows 2000 servers at my customer.